Why Russia continues to develop 2G networks despite the global trend
While many countries around the world are actively abandoning outdated communication technologies, Russia is seeing the opposite trend. According to data from the analytical organization GSA, more than 100 3G networks and over 50 2G networks have been shut down globally in recent years. The peak of this process occurred in 2025, when operators worldwide massively closed down old infrastructure to free up frequencies for more modern standards, such as 4G and 5G.
However, the situation in Russia differs significantly from global practice. Instead of reducing the number of base stations, Russia has recorded a 10% increase in the number of 2G network sites. This decision is dictated by the need to maintain the operation of critical systems that depend on older data transmission standards.
A key reason for maintaining 2G in Russia is the ERA-GLONASS emergency response system. Most vehicles equipped with emergency call devices use 2G technology specifically to transmit location and accident data. Shutting down these networks would make it impossible for safety systems to function in millions of vehicles.
Furthermore, 2G networks remain important for the operation of certain industrial sensors, ATMs, and smart home systems, which do not require high internet speeds but do need wide coverage. Given Russia's geographical characteristics, where older communication standards ensure stable operation even in remote regions, supporting them remains a priority task for operators.
Thus, Russia does not currently plan to follow the global trend of completely abandoning 2G. The technology will continue to function until safety systems and industrial equipment are fully transitioned to more modern communication standards.